Occurrence of nonarticular incidental findings on panoramic radiographs in painful temporomandibular disorders / Ocurrencia de hallazgos incidentales no articulares en ortopantomografias en los trastornos temporomandibulares dolorosos

Facial pain is one of the symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) but can be associated with other pathological conditions. The present study retrospectively evaluated the occurrence of nonarticular incidental findings in panoramic radiographs in a group of patients with painful TMDs. Outpatients with a diagnosis of TMD were included and distributed into three groups: arthralgia, myalgia or arthralgia and myalgia, according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Nonarticular incidental findings of their panoramic radiographs were classified in relation to pathological, dental and endodontic status. The dependency relationships among the variables were analyzed using the likelihood test. Sixty patients (38 women and 22 men; mean age: 36.9 years) were evaluated. There was a predominance of arthralgia plus disc displacement (43.4 %), followed by myopain plus arthralgia and disc displacement (38.3 %) and myopain (18.3 %). Pathologic radiographic changes such as bone loss, caries, maxillary sinus opacification and periapical lesions were frequent. Dental alterations such as the absence and altered position of teeth and impacted teeth were frequent. Endodontic changes such as periapical lesions with or without endodontic treatment were frequent. There was no significant difference between groups except for gyroversion. The incidental findings were compatible with caries, sinusitis, impacted tooth and periapical lesion, which may be associated with orofacial pain and could potentially be superimposed on the initial diagnosis, although this hypothesis was discarded. Findings such as the absence and altered position of teeth were also frequent, which may represent occlusal factors associated with TMDs.

El dolor orofacial es uno de los síntomas de los trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM), pero puede estar asociado con otras afecciones patológicas. El presente estudio evaluó retrospectivamente la aparición de hallazgos incidentales no articulares a través de ortopantomografías en un grupo de pacientes con TTM dolorosas. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de TTM y se distribuyeron en tres grupos: artralgia, mialgia o artralgia y mialgia, de acuerdo con los criterios de diagnóstico para los trastornos temporomandibulares (DC/TMD). Los hallazgos incidentales no articulares de las ortopantomografias se clasificaron en relación al estado patológico, dental y endodóncico. Las relaciones de dependencia entre las variables se analizaron mediante la prueba de probabilidad. Fueron evaluados 60 pacientes (38 mujeres y 22 hombres; edad media: 36,9 años). Hubo predominio de artralgia más desplazamiento de disco (43,4 %), seguido de mialgia más artralgia y desplazamiento de disco (38,3 %) y mialgia (18,3 %). Las alteraciones radiográficas patológicas como pérdida ósea, carie dentaria, opacificación del seno maxilar y lesiones periapicales fueron frecuentes. Entre las alteraciones dentales, las impactaciones, malposiciones o ausencias dentarias fueron frecuentes. Entre las alteraciones endodóncicas, las lesiones periapicales frecuentes. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos, excepto para la girosversión dentaria. Los hallazgos incidentales fueron compatibles con carie dentaria, sinusitis, diente impactado y lesión periapical, lo que podría estar asociado con el dolor orofacial y así estar sobrepuesto en el diagnóstico inicial, aunque esta hipótesis fue descartada. Hallazgos como la ausencia y la posición alterada de los dientes también fueron frecuentes, lo que puede representar factores oclusales asociados con TTM.

Radiographic evaluation of the prevalence of Stafne bone defect / Evaluación radiográfica de prevalencia de defecto óseo de Stafne

Stafne bone defect (SBD) is a bone cavity in the lingual surface of the mandible normally filled by salivary gland tissue. In conventional radiographs, SBD typically resembles a radiolucent unilocular lesion with welldefined margins, localized under the inferior alveolar canal. The diagnosis of SBD is often incidental due to the asymptomatic nature. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of SBDs in a Brazilian population and to describe the radiographic features of the cases reported. This retrospective study evaluated 17,180 digital panoramic radiographs of patients with an indication of radiography for dental treatment seen at three centers located in the three Brazilian states. In each center, two researchers evaluated the images for establishment of the consensual diagnosis of SBD. In the case of disagreement, a third researcher was consulted to reach a final consensus. To assess the prevalence of SBDs, sex and age of patients were considered, and SBDs were classified according to their form and location. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis. Among the 17.180 patients, only 15 (0.08 %) had SDB, including 3 women and 12 men. The age range of the patients with SDB was 30-69 years (mean: 49.2). Fourteen cases were located in the posterior region of the mandibular body and one case in the ascending ramus. Stafne bone defect is a rare developmental anomaly that more commonly affects middle-aged men. The condition has a typical radiographic appearance and panoramic radiography is a valuable tool for its diagnosis.

El defecto óseo de Stafne (DOS) es una cavidad ósea en la superficie lingual de la mandíbula, normalmente llena de tejido glandular salival. En las radiografías convencionales, el DOS generalmente se asemeja a una lesión unilocular radiotransparente con bordes bien definidos, ubicada debajo del canal alveolar inferior. El diagnóstico de DOS a menudo es accidental debido a su naturaleza asintomática. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de DOS en una población brasileña y describir las características radiográficas de los casos reportados. Este estudio retrospectivo evaluó 17.180 radiografías panorámicas digitales de pacientes con indicación radiográfica para tratamiento dental atendidos en tres centros ubicados en tres estados brasileños. En cada centro, dos investigadores evaluaron las imágenes para establecer un diagnóstico consensuado de DOS. En caso de desacuerdo, se consultó a un tercer investigador para llegar a un consenso final. Para evaluar la prevalencia de DOS, se consideraron el sexo y la edad de los pacientes, y se clasificaron según su forma y ubicación. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo. Entre los 17.180 pacientes, solo 15 (0,08 %) tenían DOS, incluidos 3 mujeres y 12 hombres. El rango de edad de los pacientes con DOS fue de 30 a 69 años (media: 49,2). Catorce casos se ubicaron en la región posterior del cuerpo mandibular y un caso en la rama ascendente. Los defectos óseos de Stafne son una anomalía rara del desarrollo que afecta más comúnmente a los hombres de mediana edad. La condición tiene una apariencia radiográfica típica y la radiografía panorámica es una herramienta valiosa para su diagnóstico.

A multicenter study of biopsied oral and maxillofacial lesions in a Brazilian pediatric population

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial lesions among children from representative regions of Brazil. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted. Biopsy records comprising the period from 2000 to 2015 were obtained from the archives of three Brazilian oral pathology referral centers. A total of 32,506 biopsy specimens were analyzed, and specimens from 1,706 children aged 0-12 years were selected. Gender, age, anatomical location and histopathological diagnosis were evaluated. Descriptive statistics was carried out. Likelihood ratio tests were used to evaluate the association between the categorical variables. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The post-hoc test was used to identify the subgroups that significantly differed from one another, and the Bonferroni correction was applied. A total of 1,706 oral and maxillofacial lesions were diagnosed in pediatric patients, including 51.9% girls. Oral mucocele was the most prevalent reactive/inflammatory lesion (64%). The most commonly affected sites were the lips (34.5%) and mandible (19.9%). A significant association was observed between age and the group of lesions of the oral cavity (p < 0.001), and between age and anatomical location (p < 0.001). Pediatric oral and maxillofacial lesions were frequent and showed wide diversity, with the prevalence of mucocele. Knowledge of oral lesions is important for pediatric dentists worldwide, since it provides accurate data for the diagnosis and oral health of children.

Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defects on dental implant treated patients: a 5-year period prevalence study / Defectos focales osteoporóticos de la médula ósea en pacientes tratados con implantes dentales: estudio prevalencia de período a 5 años

Dental implants are considered the most effective treatment for teeth absence. Nevertheless, there are some bone conditions that could affect the osseointegration process, thus affecting the clinical and radiographic success rates. One of these conditions could be the Focal Osteoporotic Bone Marrow Defects. The objective of this study was to describe the 5-year period prevalence of Focal Osteoporotic Bone Marrow Defects (FOBMD) on dental implant treated patients. descriptive retrospective study was conducted. We systematically reviewed the clinical and radiographic data of treated patients in a Dental Implant Unit since January 2010 through December 2014. Once a FOBMD case was found, a detailed questionnaire was applied to the chart looking for demographic, medical and dental characteristics (clinical and radiographic). Also in a sub-sample histological analysis was carried out. Period prevalence (PP) was estimated calculating proportions and 95 % confidence intervals. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata v. 13.2 for Windows (Stata Corp., TX., USA). FOBMD 5-yPP was 9.52 % (CI 95 %: 6.87­13.5 %). We found 42 defects in 34 patients. Within the FOBMD patients, average age was 55.4±11.9 years, 67.64 % being females. Ninety-seven percent of the defects were located in the lower jaw, 79.41 % unilateral, 69.04 % single missed teeth lesions, 71.42 % affecting molar area and 59.52 % located on the right side of the maxillae. Histological analysis revealed inflammatory cells, dystrophic calcifications, hemorrhagic material and fatty cells for all the cases. FOBMD prevalence is low, so it should be considered as a rare condition but showing an exponential growing trend over the time. With no previous epidemiological data, these findings should be considered as a caution during x-ray examinations and treatment planning, in order to avoid surgical or prosthetic complications. Local factors as previous root canal treatments should be considered when elucidating reasons for its appearance.

Los implantes dentales se consideran el tratamiento más eficaz para la ausencia dentaria. Sin embargo, hay algunas condiciones óseas que pueden afectar el proceso de osteointegración, lo que afecta a las tasas de éxito clínico y radiográfico. Una de estas condiciones podrían ser los defectos focales osteoporóticos de la médula ósea (DFOMO). El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la prevalencia en un periodo de 5 años de los DFOMO en pacientes tratados con implantes dentales. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, con una revisión sistemática de los datos clínicos y radiológicos de pacientes tratados en una unidad de implantes dentales desde enero de 2010 hasta diciembre de 2014. Cuando se encontró algún caso de DFOMO, se aplicó un cuestionario detallado sobre la ficha en busca de características demográficas, médicas y dentales (clínicas y radiográficas). También se realizó un análisis histológico de la submuestra. Se estimó la prevalencia del periodo (PP), el cálculo de proporciones e intervalos de confianza con un 95 %. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa Stata v. 13.2 para Windows (Stata Corp, TX., EE.UU.). La prevalencia del periodo para los 5 años de DFOMO fue 9,52 % (IC del 95 %: 6,87 % a 13,5 %). Encontrado 42 defectos en 34 pacientes. Dentro de los pacientes con DFOMO, la edad promedio fue de 55,4±11,9 años, y 67,64 % fueron mujeres. El 97 % de los defectos se encuentraran en la mandíbula. El 79,41 % fue unilateral y 69,04 % con lesiones individuales de pérdidas dentarias; el 71,42 % afectó la zona de los molares y 59,52 % se encontró en el lado derecho del maxilar. El análisis histológico reveló células inflamatorias, calcificaciones distróficas, material hemorrágico y células grasas, en todos los casos. La prevalencia de DFOMO fue baja, por lo que debe considerarse como una enfermedad poco frecuente pero que muestra una tendencia creciente y exponencial en el tiempo. Sin datos epidemiológicos previos, estos resultados deben ser considerados para tener precaución durante los exámenes imagenológicos y la planificación del tratamiento, con el fin de evitar complicaciones quirúrgicas o prótesicas. Los factores locales como tratamientos endodónticos previos deben ser considerados para dilucidar las razones de su aparición.

Lingual Cortical Mandibular Bone Depression: Frequency and Clinical-Radiological Features in a Brazilian Population

The aim of this study was to report the frequency and clinical-radiological features of cases of lingual cortical mandibular bone depressions (LCMBD) diagnosed in consecutive panoramic radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from a Brazilian population. The methods included a retrospective analysis of consecutive panoramic radiographs, charts from the Oral Medicine clinic and consecutive CBCT scans. All cases diagnosed as LCMBD were selected and clinical-radiological data were retrieved from the clinical charts and by the analysis of the image exams. Twenty LCMBD cases diagnosed in 18 patients were found, including 2 from 3,000 consecutive panoramic radiographs (0.07%), 6 from 2,421 Oral Medicine patients (0.25%) and 10 from 1,684 CBCT scans (0.59%). The 18 patients had a mean age of 51.5 years and 13 were males. Two patients presented bilateral lesions. Fourteen images (70%) were classified as well-defined. Eighteen affected the posterior area of the mandible and two affected the anterior mandible. Size of the lesions was larger in younger patients. In conclusion, there seemed to be a considerable radiological heterogeneity when comparing the LCMBD cases and it seemed that the images decreased in size with the increase of patient's age.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a frequência e os achados clínico-radiográficos dos casos de depressão cortical mandibular lingual diagnosticados em radiografias panorâmicas e em tomografias computadorizadas realizadas pela técnica de feixe cônico consecutivas em uma população brasileira. A metodologia incluiu uma análise retrospectiva de radiografias panorâmicas consecutivas, dos registros dos pacientes da clínica de estomatologia e tomografias computadorizadas consecutivas realizadas pela técnica do feixe cônico. Todos os casos com diagnóstico de depressão cortical mandibular lingual foram selecionados e as informações clínico-radiográficas foram obtidas a partir dos prontuários dos pacientes e da análise dos exames imaginológicos. Um total de 20 casos de depressão cortical mandibular lingual foi diagnosticado em 18 pacientes, incluindo 2 casos em 3.000 radiografias panorâmicas (0,07%), 6 em 2.421 pacientes da clínica de Estomatologia (0,25%) e 10 em 1.684 pacientes do grupo submetido a tomografia computadorizada (0,59%). Os 18 pacientes mostraram uma média de idade de 51,5 anos e 13 eram do gênero masculino. Dois pacientes apresentaram imagens bilaterais. Quatorze imagens (70%) foram classificadas como bem definidas; dezoito acometeram a região posterior da mandíbula e dois casos acometeram a região anterior da mandíbula. O tamanho das lesões foi maior em pacientes mais jovens. Em conclusão, existe uma considerável heterogeneidade na expressão radiográfica das imagens e parece haver uma diminuição do tamanho das imagens com o aumento da idade dos pacientes. .

Tumor odontogênico ceratocístico: levantamento de casos e revisão de literatura / Keratocystic odontogenic tumor: survey of cases and literature review

Introdução: O Tumor Odontogênico Ceratocístico (TOC) pode ser definido como um tumor intraósseo, benigno, de origem odontogênica. A incidência dessa lesão na mandibula é de 3 a 4 vezes maior que na maxila, com preferência pela região dos terceiros molares inferiores, no ângulo da madíbula, de onde se estende para o ramo ascentende. Em casos de lesões mais extensas, observa-se tumefação, drenagem ou dor associada, aumento de volume de tecidos moles e tecido ósseo, parestesia, mobilidade de dentes envolvidos pela lesão, bem como crescimento lento e deslocamento de peças dentárias. Objetivo e Metodologia: O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura e um levantamento de casos diagnosticados no Laboratóro de Patologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da UPF a respeito do TOC. Resultados: No presente levantamento, foram encontrados 48 casos de TOC, com uma prevalencia do gênero feminino, na segunda e terceira década de vida. Um maior número de casos ocorreram na mandibula com preferencia pela região de terceiro molar inferior. Apresentavam em sua maioria lesões radiolúcidas uniloculares e o principal sinal clínico foi o de abaulamento. Conclusão: O que pode-se concluir através deste trabalho é que é fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento do Tumor Odontogênico Ceratocístico, o conhecimento por parte do Cirurgião Dentista de lesões tumorais de origem odontogênica , para que um correto e precoce diagnóstico seja executado, levando a melhor escolha do tratamento e, consequentemente um prognóstico favorável.

Introduction: The Keratocystic odontogenic tumor can be defined like an intraosseous tumor, benign, of odontogenic origin. The incidence of this lesion in the mandible and 3 to 4 times higher than in the maxilla, with a preference for the third molar region. In cases of more extensive lesions, there is swelling, drainage or pain associated, swelling of soft tissue and bone tissue, paresthesia, mobility of teeth involved by the injury, as well as slow growth and displacement of dental pieces. Objective and Methodology: The objective of this study was a literature review and a survey of cases diagnosed in the Pathology Lab of the Institute of Biological Sciences, UPF, about keratocystic odontogenic tumor. Result: In this survey, we found 48 cases of TOC, with a prevalence of females in second and third decade of life. A greater number of cases occurred in the jaw with a preference for the third molar region. Had mostly unilocular radiolucent lesions and was the main clinical sign of bulging. Conclusion: What can be concluded from this work is that it is essential for the successful treatment of odontogenic tumor keratocystic, knowledge by the Surgeon Dentist of odontogenic origin tumors, for a correct and early diagnosis is performed, taking the best choice of treatment and thus a favorable prognosis.

Analysis of 153 cases of odontogenic cysts in a South Indian sample population: a retrospective study over a decade

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of odontogenic cysts and to identify their clinico-pathological features among patients by studying biopsy specimens obtained from the archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India, during the past 10 years. Data for the study were retrieved from the case records of patients fitting the histological classification of the World Health Organization (1992). Analyzed clinical variables included age, gender, anatomical location, and histological diagnosis. Of the 2275 biopsy reports analyzed, 194 cases (8.5%) were jaw cysts, including odontogenic (6.7%) and nonodontogenic cysts (0.25%). Odontogenic cysts included 69.3% radicular, 20.3% dentigerous, 5.2% keratinizing odontogenic, 3.3% residual, and 1.9% other cysts, such as lateral periodontal, botryoid odontogenic, and gingival cysts. The most frequent clinical manifestation was swelling, followed by a combination of pain and swelling. Age, gender, and location were related to the etiopathologic characteristics of the cyst type. A definitive diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical, radiological, and histological findings, which makes a good interdepartmental relationship between the clinicians and pathologists essential. Knowledge of the biological and histological behavior of the odontogenic cysts is required for their early detection and treatment.

Frecuencia de diagnósticos histopatológicos en un periodo de 20 años (1989-2008) / Histopathological diagnosis frequency during 20 years (1989-2008)

Presentar datos sobre el diagnóstico histopatológico que se realizó en el Departamento de Patología Oral de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México, durante el periodo 1989 a 2008. De 2 183 biopsias, las lesiones de tejido óseo comprendieron 637 casos (29,2 por ciento) y las de tejido blando sumaron 1 529 (70,0 por ciento), de tejido dental se procesaron 17 muestras (0,8 por ciento). Los diagnósticos más frecuentes para tejido óseo fueron: granuloma periapical, quiste periapical, quiste dentígero y queratoquiste odontogénico (tumor odontogénico queratoquístico). Los diagnósticos más frecuentes de tejido blando fueron: fibroma, granuloma piógeno, mucocele, carcinoma epidermoide y papiloma. En el maxilar se presentaron 292 casos, en la mandíbula 258 y en 87 muestras no se especificó el maxilar de donde se obtuvo la biopsia. En el tejido blando, de encía se obtuvieron 505 biopsias; labio inferior 164, tejido blando sin especificar 157, lengua 147, mucosa alveolar 146, paladar duro 89 y otras áreas presentaron 321 muestras. De pacientes femeninos fueron 1 370 muestras (62,8 por ciento) y los masculinos con 796 biopsias (36,4 por ciento). Hubo coincidencia entre el diagnóstico clínico con el histopatológico de 1 482 casos (67,9 por ciento), los casos no coincidentes fueron 172 (7,9 por ciento) y 529 casos (24,2 por ciento) donde no se proporcionó diagnóstico clínico, lo cual es aceptable de acuerdo a estudios similares, pero puede ser mejorado substancialmente a través de educación continua(AU)

To submit data on the histopathological diagnosis made in the Oral Pathology Department of Stomatology of Autonomous University in Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico during from 1989 to 2008. From 2 183 biopsies, bone tissue lesions accounted for 637 cases (29.2 percent) and those that soft tissue summarized 1 529 (70 percent), from dental tissue 17 samples (0.8 percent) were processed. For bone tissue the more frequent diagnoses were: periapical granulomas, periapical cyst, dentigerous cyst and odontogenic keratocyst (keratogenic odontogenic tumor). The more frequent diagnoses for the soft tissue are: fibroma, pyogenic granulomas, mucocele, epidermoid carcinoma and papiloma. In maxillary there were 292 cases, in maxilla 258 and in 87 samples there was no specification from which maxillary was obtained the biopsy. In soft tissue, from gum 505 biopsies were obtained, from inferior lip 164, from soft tissue 157 were not specified, tongue 147, alveolar mucosa 146, hard palate 89 and other areas underwent 321 biopsies. From female patients 1 370 biopsies were obtained (62.8 percent) and from male patients 796 biopsies (36.4 percent). There was a coincidence of 1 482 cases (67.9 percent) between the clinical diagnosis and the histopathological one, the no coincident ones summarized 172 (7.9 percent) and 529 cases (24.2 percent) where there wasn't clinical diagnosis being acceptable according to similar studies, but could be significantly improved by a continuous education(AU)

Frecuencia de trastornos temporomandibulares en el área del Policlínico Rampa, Plaza de la Revolución / Temporomandibular Disorders prevalence in Rampa Clinic, Plaza de la Revolución

En nuestro país, se han llevado a cabo, en las dos últimas décadas, varios estudios epidemiológicos sobre el tema resultado de la alta frecuencia con que acuden a los servicios estomatológicos pacientes con Trastornos Temporomandibulares. Los objetivos propuestos son profundizar en los conocimientos acerca de esta patología y evaluar la prevalencia de este trastorno en parte de la población cubana, aplicando las variables sociodemográficas de edad y sexo. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal a una muestra en Ciudad de La Habana de un área de salud del municipio Plaza de la Revolución, correspondiente al Policlínico Rampa. A estos individuos se les practicó un interrogatorio para describir las variables demográficas y un examen clínico para identificar las variables del complejo músculo-articular. Los resultados alcanzados muestran una prevalencia de Trastornos Temporomandibulares donde se observa que el sexo femenino fue el más afectado, existiendo el grupo de edad de más de 51 años con más afectación y al examen del complejo músculo_articular el signo más predominante fue el ruido articular.

Due to the high frequency with which patients regards odontology services with Temporomandibular Disorders it has been carried out in two last decade several epidemic studies in our country on the same ones, which motivated to the present investigation with the objective of to deepen in the knowledge about this pathology and to evaluate the prevalence of this health problem in the Cuban population, describing their signs and symptoms in the studied sample, for what was carried out an observational, descriptive and cross study in the population of a sample in Havana City of an health area of the Plaza de la Revolución section, related to the Rampa policlinic with 10 clinics. It was practiced a questioning to these individuals to describe demographic variables and a clinical examination to identify the variables of the complex to muscle-joint. Reached results show a prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders in the sample studied prevailing feminine genre and age bigger than 51 and to the examination of the complex to muscle-joint the predominant sign was joint sounds.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of tori and jaw exostoses in a teaching hospital in Jordan

To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of oral bony outgrowths [OBOs]; torus palatinus [TP], torus mandibularis [TM], and exostoses in Jordanian dental patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 1 and December 31, 2008 at the University of Jordan Hospital, Amman, Jordan. Clinical examinations of 618 patients [354 men and 264 women], 10-82 years of age, were conducted to determine the presence of OBOs. There were 239 subjects [38.7%] who had OBOs. Nearly one-third [34.6%] had TP, TM, or both. The prevalence rates were 25.7% for TM, 15.4% for TP, and 14.4% for exostoses. The OBOs were mostly noted in patients in their fifth decade of life, with attrition, clenching, or bruxism. Women had more TP, but gender differences were not statistically significant in cases of TM and exostoses. Most TP were large in size [71.6%], spindle [41.1%], or flat [40%] in shape, and located at the premolar-molar region [45.3%]. The TM were mostly medium to large in size [84.9%], bilateral [81.1%], composed of single node [69.2%], and located at the premolar region [65.4%]. Of the studied subjects, 7.1% had mandibular buccal exostosis, 10% had maxillary buccal, and 2.4% had palatal exostoses. Statistically significant associations were noticed between the concurrent existence of OBOs. A relatively high prevalence of OBOs was noted, and this should be taken into consideration when planning periodontal surgery and prosthodontic treatment

prevalence of inflammatory and developmental odontogenic cysts in a Libyan population

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of odontogenic jaw cysts in a Libyan population and to compare the data with previously published reports from other countries. We retrieved and analyzed 2190 case notes and biopsy records of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Al Arab Medical Sciences University, Benghazi, Libya, dating from January 1990 to December 2005. There were 326 cases [14.8%] of diagnosed odontogenic cysts among the 2190 biopsies performed during this period. The cases were analyzed for age and sex distribution, site of presentation, association with impacted teeth, and the method of treatment. The male to female ratio of patients was 1.3:1 Radicular cysts accounted for 222 cases [68.1%], followed by dentigerous cysts [n=49, 15%] and odontogenic keratocysts [n=43, 14.1%]. Mean ages of the patients were, respectively, 31.7, 22.7 and 36.1 years.. The maxilla was more commonly involved than the mandible [1.3:1]. The anterior maxilla was the commonest site [n=132, 37.4%] followed by the posterior mandible [n=96, 29.4%]. Fifty three cases were associated with impacted teeth, and the highest frequency was for dentigerous cysts [n=37]. Enucleation and curettage was performed on 300 patients, marsupialization on 14, and marginal/segmental resection on 12. To our knowledge, this is the first such study on a Libyan population. Our results are comparable to studies from other countries. Knowledge of the relative frequencies and sites of presentation of odontogenic cysts in different ethno-geographic backgrounds is essential for the early diagnosis and management of these benign yet potentially destructive lesions Key words: polycystic, ovary, hirsutism, diabetes, obesity

Influência dos níveis de densitometria mineral óssea na perda óssea alveolar e parâmetros clínicos periodontais em mulheres na pós-menopausa / Influence of the bone mineral densitometry's levels in the alveolar bone loss and periodontal clinical parameters in the post menopausal women

Objetivo: Verificar a relação da influência do nível de densitometria mineral óssea (DOM) na perda óssea alveolar e parâmetros clínicos periodontais em mulheres na pósmenopausa. Métodos: Em um estudo seccional, foram avaliadas 23 mulheres na menopausa, com idade variando de 44-61 anos de idade. Densitometria óssea mineral da coluna lombar e do fêmur foram obtidas pela técnica DEXA. Foram incluídos exame clínico (profundidade a sondagem, perda de inserção, profundidade a sondagem e o número de ausência dental) e radiográfico para determinar a gravidade da doença periodontal. Os dados foram comparados pelo teste t Student e correlacionados pelo teste de Pearson (r). Resultados: Das 23 mulheres, duas eram osteoporóticas, 14 osteopênicas e 7 em condi- ção de normalidade. Para as comparações dos parâmetros clínicos periodontais com o perfil da DOM não foram encontradas diferenças significativas em nenhuma das análises. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi fraco e negativo quando comparada a DOM com os parâmetros periodontais. Conclusão: No presente estudo não foi encontrada uma associação entre as modificações estruturais ósseas com os parâmetros periodontais (AU)

Objective: To correlate levels of bone mineral densitometry (BMD) and periodontal clinical parameters, including radiographic alveolar bone loss in postmenopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 23 postmenopausal women. Their ages ranged from 44 to 61 years-old. BMD of the lumbar vertebra and femur were obtained through the DEXA technique. Periodontal clinical examination (probing depth, clinical attachment level and number of missing teeth) and periapical radiographs were obtained to determine the severity of periodontal disease. The data obtained was analyzed using both student t test and Pearson correlation. Results: BMD revealed that 2 participants were osteoporotic, 14 were osteopenic, and 7 were healthy. Comparisons between periodontal clinical and radiographic parameters and BMD profile, among the distinct groups, showed no statistically significant differences. The coefficient for Pearson correlation was weak and negative when comparing BMD with all periodontal parameters. Conclusion: This study showed no association between bone structural modifications and clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters (AU)

Osteorradionecrose de mandíbula em pacientes com câncer de boca / Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible in patients with oral cancer

Os autores estudam 613 pacientes portadores de carcinoma espinocelular de boca, submetidos à radioterapia exclusiva ou em associaçäo com cirurgia, atendidos no período de janeiro de 1980 a dezembro de 1989, no Serviço de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço do Complexo Hospitalar Heliópolis, Brasil. No cálculo da prevalência de osteorradionecrose, foram avaliadas a extensäo da lesäo primária (T), e influência das cirurgias que envolviam ou näo o tecido ósseo, a dose de irradiaçäo e a idade. Encontramos uma prevalência de 31,5 por cento de osteorradionecrose, sendo a dose de radiaçäo o fator de maior influência para o desencadeamento desta complicaçäo. As lesöes classificadas como T1 tiveram uma prevalência significativamente menor que as lesöes avançadas. A extensäo da cirurgia näo foi importante, sendo indiferente se houve ressecçäo ou näo de parte da mandíbula. A idade se mostrou estatisticamente correlacionada à ocorrência de osteorradionecrose, sendo que os pacientes com menos de 60 anos tiveram uma prevalência de 65,3 por cento e, aqueles com mais de 60 anos, apresentaram 73,5 por cento.

Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in 1000 patients.

Since the presence of torus poses a problem in successful construction of dentures, a study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Torus Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis in 1000 patients, which was 9.5% and 1.4% respectively. The prevalence of Torus palatinus was more common in female than males. Majority of the tori were found in the age group of 11 to 30 yrs and were rarely seen before 10 yrs of age. The most common region was the middle of the palate as well as mandible. It is emphasized that presence of torus should be carefully evaluated and construction of denture be modified accordingly.